Amakuru

Iyi nkuru itanga raporo irambuye ku ihinduka ry’ingofero zikomeye z’ubwenge kuva ku bikoresho bisanzwe byo kurinda bidakoresha imbaraga kugeza ku byuma bikoresha imbaraga bishingiye ku bicu. Iyi nkuru ibanza gusobanura neza igitekerezo cy’ingofero zikomeye z’ubwenge - zishingiye ku gikoresho gisanzwe cya ABS, gihuza kamera za pikseli miliyoni 13, GPS/Beidou ifite uburyo bubiri bwo gushyiramo (aho uhitamo gushyiramo urwego rwa santimetero UWB), sensor zitandukanye z’ibidukikije n’imiterere yazo, module z’itumanaho, na algorithme za AI. Zipima garama 630 gusa ariko zifite urwego rwo kurinda IP66 kandi zigira uburinzi bworoshye n’ubukomeye binyuze mu kwinjira kuri Jianxian Cloud Management Platform.
Iyi nkuru ivuga muri make ku nzego esheshatu z'ingenzi z'ingofero zikomeye: urwego rwa mbere ni ukubona no gukusanya, rukubiyemo videwo mu gihe nyacyo, kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere, kugenzura ibimenyetso by'ingenzi, no kumenya hafi y'amashanyarazi; urwego rwa kabiri ni ugushyira no gukurikirana, rushyigikira uburyo bwo hanze bwo gushyira no kumenya neza uburebure bwa metero 10 no mu nzu; urwego rwa gatatu ni ukuburira no gutangaza, harimo uburyo butandukanye bwo gutangaza bwikora nko gukuraho ingofero, kugwa, ingaruka, guceceka, hafi y'amashanyarazi, no kurenza urugero rwa gaze; urwego rwa kane ni itumanaho n'ubufatanye, bituma guhamagara amashusho mu gihe nyacyo, kumenyesha abantu, gusaba SOS, no guhuza ingofero nyinshi; urwego rwa gatanu ni ukwigaragaza no kwitabira, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kumenya ijwi kugira ngo hatabaho kwandika inyandiko, n'uruzitiro rw'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo hatabaho kwivanga; urwego rwa gatandatu ni amakuru n'uburyo bwo gufunga, kubika no gusesengura imiburo yose, amashusho y'igenzura, n'amakuru y'ikoreshwa kugira ngo habeho uruhererekane rwuzuye rw'ibimenyetso n'amakuru y'imicungire.
Iyi nkuru kandi ikubiyemo inyigo z’ibyabaye mu buryo bufatika nko kumena imyuka y’uburozi mu nganda zikora imiti, gutabara mu gihe cy’ihanuka ry’ibirombe by’amakara, umuburo wo kugenzura amashanyarazi, gutabara mu nyubako z’imiyoboro y’amazi, no gutabara abazimya inkongi z’umuriro bafatiwe mu mutego, igaragaza neza uburyo ingofero z’umutekano zifite ubwenge zishobora kugira uruhare rw’ingenzi mu "kubona ingaruka, gutanga umuburo ako kanya, gutanga ubufasha mu bufatanye, no gushyira amakuru mu buryo bufunze" mu nganda zitandukanye. Hanyuma, igaragaza ko ishingiro ry’ingofero zikomeye z’ubwenge ari uguhindura byuzuye aho umuntu aherereye, uko ahagaze, aho atuye, n’imyitwarire ye, kugera ku mpinduka z’ibanze kuva ku "kubazwa nyuma y’ibyabaye" kugera ku "gutabara mu buryo bukorwa" hanyuma ukagera ku "gukumira mbere y’ibyabaye", bikaba "umurinzi w’umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga" ukora amasaha 7 × 24 kuri interineti.

Inganda n'Ubucuruzi bya Linyi Xintuo, imaze imyaka irenga icumi ikora cyane mu bijyanye no kurengera abakozi, yaguriye isoko ryayo mu mahanga ikoresha ibicuruzwa byayo byose hamwe n'uburyo ihendutse bwo kugabanya amafaranga. Vuba aha, yashimishije abakiriya ba Uzbekistan kubera umurava wayo mwinshi, inasinya amasezerano menshi yo kugura ingofero nziza. Imiterere y'ibiganiro yari myiza kandi ifitiye akamaro impande zombi, kandi bazakomeza gushimangira ubucuruzi bw'ubukungu n'ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka mu gihe kizaza.

Iyi nyandiko isobanura ikoreshwa ry’ingofero z’umutekano, harimo no kugenzura mbere yo kwambara no guhindura ibintu bibujijwe. Ivuga ko 15% by’imvune zo kugwa ku kintu zituruka ku ikoreshwa ry’ingofero mu buryo budakwiye, kandi isangiye impanuka eshatu zihitana ubuzima bw’umuntu ziterwa n’imishumi y’agasaya idahambiriye. Amategeko agenga umutekano w’akazi, amahame y’igihugu y’ingofero n’ibihano bijyanye nayo byavuzwe ku bantu batubahiriza amategeko, ingofero zigomba gushyirwaho imishumi y’agasaya ihamye kugira ngo ikomeze kurinda umutwe.

Iyi nyandiko yo kwamamaza ikoresha ingero zifatika kugira ngo ikurure abaturage ku bibazo by’umutekano kandi ibamenyeshe akamaro k’umutekano. Ishingiye ku mateka y’ubukangurambaga bw’ukwezi k’Umusaruro w’Umutekano kandi ihuza imyumvire y’inganda ku bakora ingofero z’umutekano. Igaragaza neza ingamba zifatika nko gukosora ingaruka, amahugurwa yihutirwa, n’uburezi bw’igihe kirekire, ishyigikira ishyirwaho ry’ihame ryo gushyira abantu imbere n’ubuzima imbere. Ihamagarira abakozi bose gufata inshingano z’umutekano no gushyira hamwe intego yo kurinda umutekano.

Ingofero zikomeye ni zo zikoreshwa cyane mu kurinda umuntu ku giti cye ahantu h'ubwubatsi, ariko bitewe no kwirengagiza amakuru arambuye igihe kirekire no kwirengagiza amabwiriza, byakunze kugaragara nk'ibintu biteza umutekano muke. Abakozi benshi b'ubwubatsi bagira imyumvire idafite ishingiro, bizera ko "kudapfundika umukandara w'akananwa, gukoresha ingofero zishaje, no kutazambara mu nzu" ntacyo bimaze. Ariko, ntibazi ko izi ngeso mbi zitangiza gusa ahubwo ko zizanarenga imipaka ibuza ubuzima. Ibigo n'abantu ku giti cyabo bazahanishwa ibihano bikomeye. Iyi ngingo, ishingiye ku "Itegeko ry'Umutekano w'Umurimo" n'amahame y'igihugu, isobanura neza amahame y'ibanze n'ibihano ku ikoreshwa ry'ingofero zikomeye, kandi isobanura amahame ngenderwaho ku binyuranyije n'amategeko nko kudapfundika umukandara w'akananwa, kudakurikiza amabwiriza yo gutanga ibikoresho birinda, n'ibindi. Iyo bihujwe n'imanza z'ibihano by'imikorere yo guterura, ikuraho imyumvire itari yo ivuga ko "abakozi b'igihe gito nta nshingano bafite" kandi igaragaza ikiguzi cy'ibinyuranyije n'amategeko.

Muri icyo gihe, iyi nkuru yibanda ku ngingo zifatika zibangamira aho imirimo y’ubwubatsi ikorerwa, kandi ikubiyemo amahame icyenda y’ingenzi yo gukoresha no kubungabunga ingofero zikomeye. Ku makosa akunze kugaragara nko gucukura imyobo yihariye, kuyikoresha cyane, kuyambara nyuma yo gukubitwa, no kubika ibintu mu buryo butunguranye, isobanura ibisabwa mu mikorere imwe ku yindi, ikosora ibintu bikunze kutumvikana nko kudakenera kwambara ingofero mu nzu no gukoresha ingofero mbi, kandi iyobora abakozi uburyo bwo kwambara neza, kuyibungabunga, no kugena amahame ngenderwaho yo gusimburwa. Ihura n’ibikenewe by’ubwubatsi mu nyubako. Byongeye kandi, iyi nkuru itanga igisubizo cyuzuye cyo gucunga ingofero zikomeye ku bigo, kuva ku gutanga amasoko ahoraho, kugenzura ibisabwa, gupima ingero, kugeza ku gucunga amabara mu nyubako, gukurikirana ububiko bw’ibikoresho, no gusohora igihe cyo kurangira, gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe bwo gucunga, gufasha ibigo gukuraho icyuho cy’umutekano. Iyi nkuru yose yirinda kubwiriza ubusa, yishingikiriza ku mabwiriza, ishyigikiwe n’imanza, kandi yibanda ku bikorwa bifatika, yibutsa abakozi bose kureka kwirara no gutekereza nabi, gukurikiza cyane amabwiriza yo kwambara, no gusohoza inshingano z’ubuyobozi, bigatuma ingofero zikomeye ziba umurongo w’umutekano ukomeye w’ubwubatsi.

Iyi mashini irinda amatwi ikozwe mu gikoresho gikomeye cya ABS. Iyi mashini yose ipima garama 232 gusa, ifite imiterere yoroheje. Imiterere yayo ituma ishyirwaho vuba kandi ihuzwa n'ingofero zitandukanye zisanzwe. Ishyigikira gukosora inguni kandi ishobora guhindurwa iyo idakoreshwa. Ingufu z'amajwi n'ipamba bikingira neza urusaku rw'inganda, bikarinda kumva k'uyikoresha. Iyi mashini itanga amabara menshi yo kwirinda kugaragara cyane. Buri bara rifite umurongo ngenderwaho, ukwiriye ibikorwa by'urusaku rwinshi nko mu bwubatsi, inganda, n'ibirombe by'amabuye y'agaciro, bitanga uburinzi bubiri ku mutwe no ku matwi.

Iyi nkuru ya siyansi yibanda ku "bumenyi bw'imicungire n'ikoreshwa ry'ingofero zikomeye" aho imirimo y'ubwubatsi ibera. Ikoresheje impanuka nyayo yabereye aho imirimo y'ubwubatsi i Yongjia, mu Ntara ya Zhejiang aho abakozi bakubiswe n'ibyuma batambaye ingofero zikomeye nk'umuburo, igaragaza neza akaga gakomeye ko kugwa ibintu ku mutwe. Biragaragara neza ko mu bihe bikomeye nko kubaka, gucukura amabuye y'agaciro, gucukura ibyuma, imiyoboro y'amazi, no gutema ibiti, ingofero zikomeye zigomba kwambarwa mu gihe cyose cy'igikorwa.

Iyi ngingo itanga ibisobanuro birambuye kandi byumvikana ku miterere y'ingenzi n'ihame ryo kurinda ingofero z'umutekano, igaragaza inkomoko y'ingofero z'umutekano za gisivili, kandi isobanura uburyo zikwirakwiza, zigakingira, kandi zigafata imbaraga z'inkongi kugira ngo zirusheho kurinda ubwonko. Muri icyo gihe, hashingiwe ku mahame y'igihugu yo kurinda abakozi, igaragaza ubwoko butandukanye bw'imirimo isaba ikoreshwa ry'ingofero zikomeye kandi isobanura neza inshingano z'ibigo mu kuzitanga. Byongeye kandi, iyi ngingo ishyira imbaraga cyane ku mahame ya siyansi yo guhitamo ingofero zikomeye, isaba abakozi guhitamo ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa kandi byujuje ibisabwa. Itegeka kandi gukoresha ingofero zikomeye zishingiye ku hantu runaka ho gukorera nko mu bijyanye n'amashanyarazi cyangwa ubushyuhe buke, kugira ngo hirindwe kwinjira ingofero zitujuje ibisabwa cyangwa zitujuje ibisabwa. Intego ni ukurandura imyumvire y'imitekerereze idasanzwe, gukosora ingeso zo kwambara mu buryo bw'agateganyo, no gufasha abakozi gusobanukirwa amahame, kubasha guhitamo neza, no kuzikoresha neza. Ibi bizanoza neza imikorere yo kurinda ingofero zikomeye no gushyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rwo gukora umutekano aho zikorera.

Umushinga w'amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu agenga ingofero z'umutekano mu Bushinwa washyizwe ahagaragara ku mugaragaro, wuzuza icyuho kiri mu mategeko agenga inganda. Aya mahame mashya asobanura neza uburyo ingofero z'umutekano z'ubwenge zikoreshwa, kandi agena ibisabwa bikomeye mu bintu nk'ibikoresho by'isuka, umutekano wa bateri ya lithium, imirasire ya elegitoroniki, n'uburemere rusange. Agumana imikorere y'ibanze yo kurinda ya GB 2811, mu gihe apima ibimenyetso bitanu by'ingenzi by'ubwenge nko kugenzura gukuraho ingofero, aho abakozi baherereye, n'inyobozo y'impanuka. Yongeraho kandi ibisabwa mu kurinda bishingiye ku mimerere nko kudashira kw'umuriro, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonje, no gukingira. Ibi bitera imbaraga imicungire y'umutekano w'ahantu hubatswe kuva ku kurinda gutinda kugera ku gutanga umuburo ufatika.